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27-01-2010, 19:23

[SIZE="4"][FONT="Book Antiqua"]Onze Verplichtingen betreffende de Heersers [/FONT][/SIZE]




Geschreven door Shaych al-Haafiedh Ibn Ahmed al-Hakamie



Vraag:


“Wat is verplicht voor ons betreffende de mensen die het gezag over ons hebben oftewel de Hoekaam (Heersers)?”


Antwoord:


“Het is verplicht om hen te adviseren, door hen te ondersteunen op de waarheid, en hen daarin te gehoorzamen en toe op te dragen. Dat zij met zachtheid geadviseerd dienen te worden, dat men achter hen bidt, djihaad dient met hen uitgevoerd te worden, zij behoren de zakaat en de aalmoezen gegeven te worden, men moet geduld hebben met hen ook al zijn zij onrechtvaardig. Het laten van het verheffen van wapens tegen hen behalve wanneer zij openlijke koefr vertonen. En zij dienen niet opgehemeld te worden door middel van gefabriceerde leugens over hen, en men behoort smeekgebeden voor hen te verrichten voor rectificatie en begunstiging.”





Vraag:


“Wat zijn de bewijzen hiervoor?”


Antwoord:


Allaah zegt:


“O jullie die geloven gehoorzaam Allaah en gehoorzaam de Boodschapper en degenen onder jullie die het gezag in handen hebben.” Het Vers…[1]




En de uitspraak van de Boodschapper van Allaah (salallaahoe alayhie wa sellem):


"Luister en Gehoorzaam, zelfs wanneer er een slaaf jullie leider is!" [2]



En de Boodschapper van Allaah (salallaahoe alayhie wa sellem) heeft gezegd:


“Degene die iets ziet van zijn amier wat hem niet bevalt, dan moet hij er geduldig mee zijn, want voorwaar een ieder die zich afscheidt van de djamaa’ah (groep) met een spanwijdte van een hand dan zou hij als hij zou sterven de dood van Djaahiliyyah sterven.”[3]




En Oebaadah Ibn as-Saamit (radiallaahoe ‘anhoe) heeft gezegd:

“De Boodschapper van Allaah (salallaahoe alayhie wa sellem) riep ons en nam de Eed van Trouw van ons aan. Dus hetgeen dat hij van ons aannam als Eed was; dat wij zouden luisteren en gehoorzamen met zin en tegenzin, en in voor- en tegenspoed, en wanneer iemand de voorkeur heeft gekregen boven ons, dat wij niet de autoriteit van de heersers in geding brengen. Behalve als jullie duidelijk ongeloof zien, waar jullie een bewijs voor hebben bij Allaah.”[4]




En de Boodschapper van Allaah (salallaahoe alayhie wa sellem) heeft gezegd:


"Als er over jullie een zwarte slaaf met een afgehakte neus (en/of oren, hand(en) en lippen) wordt aangesteld die jullie met het Boek van Allaah leidt, luister dan naar hem en gehoorzaam!"[5]




En de Boodschapper van Allaah (salallaahoe alayhie wa sellem) heeft gezegd:


“Het is verplicht voor elke moslim om te luisteren en te gehoorzamen in hetgeen hij graag heeft en in hetgeen hij niet graag heeft, behalve als hem wordt bevolen zonden te plegen, want wanneer hij tot zonden verplicht wordt dan luistert hij niet noch gehoorzaamt hij.”[6]




En hij (salallaahoe alayhie wa sellem) heeft gezegd:


"Voorwaar, het gehoorzamen (aan de leider etc) is alleen ten opzichte van wat bekent is (van geboden en verboden in de Islaamitische wetgeving)."[7]



En hij (salallaahoe alayhie wa sellem) heeft gezegd:


“Zelfs al slaat hij je op je rug en neemt hij je bezit af. Dan nog, moet je luisteren en hem gehoorzamen.”[8]



En hij (salallaahoe alayhie wa sellem) heeft gezegd:


“Eenieder die ongehoorzaamheid vertoont (tegenover zijn leider), zal Allaah op de Dag des Oordeels ontmoeten zijnde in een toestand dat hij geen bewijs noch excuus heeft, en eenieder die sterft zonder een eed van trouw voor de amier aan zijn nek te hebben, dan sterft hij de dood van Djahiliyyah.”[9]



En hij (salallaahoe alayhie wa sellem) heeft gezegd:


“Eenieder die wenst de aangelegenheden van deze Oemmaah in stukjes te delen terwijl de Oemmaah verenigd is, stel hem dan terecht door zijn hoofd er met een zwaard af te slaan, wie hij dan ook mag zijn.”[10]



En hij (salallaahoe alayhie wa sellem) heeft gezegd:


“Er zullen leiders komen die (wettelijk voor jullie) bekende zaken zullen verrichten en zaken zullen verrichten die jullie verwerpen, en eenieder die hun handelingen afkerig is zal vrijgepleit zijn en eenieder die (hun daden) verwerpt zal veilig zijn. Maar degene die daarmee tevreden is en volgt (is degene die onrechtvaardig is tegenover zichzelf). Zij (de Sahabah) zeiden: “Zullen we hen (die leiders) bestrijden?” Hij zei: “Nee! (Niet) zolang zij het gebed tot stand blijven brengen.”[11]



En zo zijn er nog andere ahadieth (in deze context), zij allen zijn terug te vinden in de authentieke hadiethboeken.


Arabische bron: ‘A’laam as-Soennah al-Manthoerah al-Ei’tiqaad at-Tae’fatoen-Naajiyyatal Mansoerah’


[1] Soerah an Nisaa (4): 59.
[2] Overgeleverd door al-Boechaarie, Moslim, Aboe Dawoed, Ibn Maadjah, Ahmed.
[3] Over deze hadieth bestaat een overeenstemming (Boechaarie en Moeslim). Op de autoriteit van Ibn Abbaas (radiallaahoe ‘anhoe). Boechaarie (nummers 7053, 7054, 7143), Moeslim (nummers 55, 56) en Ahmed in zijn ‘Moesnad’ (1/275, 297, 310).
[4] Sahieh. Boechaarie (nummer 7052), Moeslim (nummers 41, 42), an-Nasaa’ie (nummers 4153, 4154), Ibn Maajah (nummer 2766) en Ahmed (3/144, 5/316).
[5] Moslim, Tirmidhie, Ibn Maadjah, Ahmed.
[6] Over deze hadieth bestaat een overeenstemming (Boechaarie en Moeslim). Op de autoriteit van Ibn Omar (radiallaahoe ‘anhoe). Boechaarie (nummer 2955, 7144), Moeslim (nummer 38), Tirmidie (nummer 1707), Ibn Maajah (nummer 2864), Aboe Dawoed (nummer 2626) en an-Nasaa’ie (nummer 4206).
[7] Overgeleverd door Boechaarie, Moslim,. Aboe Dawoed, An-Nesaa`ie en Ibn Maadjah.
[8] Sahieh. Op de autoriteit van Hoedayfah (radiallaahoe ‘anhoe), hetgeen een gedeelte is van een langere hadieth. Moeslim (nummer 52). Een andere hadieth met een gelijksoortige betekenis is overgeleverd door Oebaadah as-Saamit (radiallaahoe ‘anhoe) door Ibn Hibbaan (nummer 4547).
[9] [Sahieh. Op de autoriteit van Ibn Omar (radiallaahoe ‘anhoe). Moeslim (nummer 58), Haakim (1/77, 177) degene die het authentiek verklaarde naar gelang van de voorwaarden die gesteld worden door de twee Shaychs (Boechaarie en Moeslim) en ad-Dhahabie was het hier mee eens. Iemaam al-Albaanie (rahiemahoellaah) verklaarde het tevens authentiek in ‘as-Sahiehah’(nummer 984) en in ‘Sahieh al-Djaam’ie’ (nummer 6105)]
[10] Sahieh. Op autoriteit van Arfajah. Moeslim (nummer 59, 60), Aboe Daawoed in ‘as-Soennaah’, het hoofdstuk van het vermoorden van de Chawaarij (nummer 4762), an-Nasaa’ie (nummers 4020, 4023) en Ahmed (nummers 4/261, 341, 5/24).
[11] Sahieh. Op autoriteit van Oemm Salamah (radiallaahoe ‘anhaa). Moeslim (nummer 62, 63, 64), Aboe Dawoed in ‘as-Soennaah’, het hoofdstuk van het vermoorden van de Chawaaridj (nummer 4760), Tirmidie (nummer 2265), and Ahmed (nummers 6/295, 302, 305, 321).

27-01-2010, 19:25


Imam Ibn Jareer At-Tabaree (d. 310H):

“Allah ta’ala says, whoever conceals the Hukm of Allah, which He revealed in His Book and made it a law between the slaves – so he hides it and rules with other than it like the Hukm of the Jews concerning the married fornicators with whipping of the guilty and blackening their faces and concealing the Hukm of stoning and like their judging upon some of their murdered with full blood-money and some with half of their blood-money. And concerning the noble people, they would have Qisaas but the commoner would only get the blood money. But Allah made all of them equal in the Tauraat: …such are the Kafirun. They are the ones who concealed the truth, which was upon them to uncover and make clear. And they hid it from the people and they showed something different to the people and they judged according to that (changed Hukm) because of a bribe they took from them.” – “Tafseer Al-Tabaree”, Vol. 4/592.

[x It is the opinion of the salaf and 'ulama that these Ayat are general for anyone who does what the Jews did, and such is Al-Kufrul Akbar. This is a clear understanding which was especially strong among the Najdee imams of the Da'wah, including Shaykh Abdul-Lateef ibn Abdur-Rahman Aal ash-Shaykh, may Allah have mercy upon them all.]

27-01-2010, 19:26
Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah (d. 728H):

“Whenever a person makes halal what is haram by consensus or makes haram what is halal by consensus or replaces the Sharee’ah that is agreed upon by consensus, then he is a Kaffir by the agreement of the scholars of Fiqh.” – “Al-Fataawa”, Vol. 3/267.

“The Sharee’ah revealed from Allah ta’ala, which is the Qur’an and Sunnah that Allah sent His Messenger with, no one from the creation is allowed to leave it. And no one leaves it but a Kaffir.” – “Al-Fataawa”, Vol. 11/262.

“And it is known by necessity in the Deen of the Muslims and by the agreement of all the Muslims that whoever follows a Sharee’ah other than the Sharee’ah of Muhammad then he is a disbeliever and it is like the Kufr of the one who believes in some of the Book and disbelieves in some of the Book.” –”Al-Fataawa”, Vol. 28/524.

“A scholar who abandons what has learnt from the Qur’an and the Sunnah and follows a ruler who does not rule in accordance with the teaching of Allah, subhanahu wa-ta’ala, and His Messenger, salla Allahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, is an apostate and a disbeliever who deserves punishment in this world and in the hereafter.” –”Al-Fataawa”, Vol. 35/373.

“If the ruler was religious and yet ruled ignorantly without knowledge, he would end up in Hell-Fire. But if he is aware of the Divine laws and yet he ruled by other than the truth of which he is aware, he would belong to the people of Hell-Fire. And if he rules unjustly and without knowledge, he would be more deserving of Fire. This in case he judges in a case of an individual, but if he judges in a case which concerns the public, and altered the truth into falsehood, and the falsehood into truth, the Sunnah into Bid’ah, or the Bid’ah into Sunnah, and the good into evil and the evil into good, and opposes the commands of Allah and His Messenger and commands what Allah and His Messenger forbid, then this is another type to be judged by Allah, the Rabb of the Worlds, and the Ilaah of the Messengers, the Proprietor of the Day of Judgement, to Whom belongs all the praise in the beginning and the end.” – “Al-Fataawa”, p. 388.

“There is no doubt that he who does not believe in the incumbency of ruling by what Allah sent to His Messenger is an infidel. So he who deems it lawful to judge between people according to what he deems as justice without adhering to what Allah sent down is an infidel too.

“There is not a nation but enjoins ruling with justice, although justice according to their religion is what their leaders or chiefs consider as such. There are many who claim to be Muslims, [who] rule by their mores and customs which were not revealed by Allah, such as the customs of the Bedouins, which they inherited from their forefathers who were obeyed rulers. They believe that such customs must be applied, excluding the Book and the Sunnah, and such belief constitutes infidelity.

“There are many people who accept Islam, but do not rule except by the prevailing customs that are commanded by obeyed lords (taghut). Such people know that it is not permissible to rule by other than what Allah revealed, but do not apply them, rather they deem as lawful to rule by other than what Allah sent down, they are infidels.” – “Minhaaj as-Sunnah”.

[x And this is the ruling which the shaykh, the mujaddid of his century, implemented in regards to the Tartars. For they followed Al-Yaasiq, a law which combined elements from various religions with the laws Genghis Khan had fabricated. They did this in exclusion to the Qur'an and Sunnah, whilst claiming to be Muslims. This act of theirs made their blood Halal and Jihad against them an obligation.]

27-01-2010, 19:27
Imam Ibn Hazm al-Andalusee (d. 456H):

“Whoever rules by the Gospel in issues where there is no text from revelation in the Sharee’ah of Islam, then he is a Kafir Mushrik outside of Islam.” – “Ihkaam al-Ahkaam Fee Usool al-Ahkaam”, 5/153.

[x If this is the case regarding those who rule by a previously revealed Book, how much more so with those who rule by other than the Revelation?]

27-01-2010, 19:27


Imam Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah (d. 751H):

“(A taghoot is) every one who exceeded his limits (whether he is) worshipped, followed or obeyed. So, the taaghoot of any people is the one who they make as a judge besides Allah and His Prophet, or worship him except Allah, or follow him without taking any consideration of Allah, or obey him in a matter where they do not know it is an obedience for Allah. Whosoever does not judge or turn to what the Messengers of Allah brought for judgement is eventually following a (false) deity.” – “E’laam Al-Muwaaqi’een,” vol. 1/50

27-01-2010, 19:28
Al-Haafidh Ibn Katheer (d. 774H):

“Allah ta’ala makes Inkaar (i.e. vehemently objects to) those who turn away from Allah’s Sharee’ah; the laws that are good for the Muslims; the laws that forbid what is evil. Allah rejects those who follow laws of personal desires and who adopt laws of Kufr such as the laws enforced by the Tartars who were under the control of Genghis Khan, their King. These laws were a mixture of Judaism, Christianity and laws chosen by their King which suited his desires. Should we prefer these laws over the Sharee’ah of Allah and His Prophet (sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam)?! Whoever does this is a Kaafir and killing him is Waajib!” – “Tafseer Ibn Katheer”, explanation of Surah Al-Ma’idah, Ayah 50.

“So whoever leaves the clear Shari’ah, which was revealed to Muhammad Ibn Abdullah, the Seal of the Prophets, and takes the Hukm to other than it from the laws of Kufr which are abrogated, he has disbelieved. So what about the one who takes the Hukm to the ‘Yasiq’ (the law of the Tartars which mixed Shari’ah rulings with invented rulings) and puts it before it?! Whoever does that, he has disbelieved by the Ijmaa’ of the Muslims.” – “Al-Bidaayah wa Nihaayah”, Vol. 13/118-119.

27-01-2010, 19:28
Shaykh al-Islam Muhammad ibn Abdul-Wahhab (d. 1205H):

“Verily those tawagheet, whom people believe, that it is obligatory to obey besides Allah – they are all kaffir apostates from Islam.

“How can you say no?! When they make halal what Allah made haram, and made haram what Allah has made halal, and they seek to corrupt the land with their words, and actions and support? And whoever argues for them, or is critical of the one who does takfeer of them, or claims that this act of theirs – although wrong – still doesn’t take them out of Islam to kufr, then the least that one can say of this arguer is that he is a faasiq, because the deen of Islam cannot be upright except by seeking innocence from those people, and doing takfeer of them.” – “Ar-Rasaa’il ash-Shakhsiyyah”, p. 188.

“The word Taghoot is general. So everything that is worshipped besides Allah, while being pleased with this worship – whether it is something worshipped, someone followed, or someone obeyed in the absence of obedience to Allah and His Messenger, then that is considered Taghoot. The Tawaagheet (pl. of Taghoot) are many, but their heads are five:…

“The Second: The tyrannical and oppressive ruler who changes Allah’s rulings. The proof for this is Allah’s saying, ‘Have you not seen those (hypocrites) who claim to believe in that which has been revealed to you, and that which was revealed before you, and they wish to go for judgement (in their disputes) to the Taghoot, when they have been ordered to reject them? But the Devil wishes to lead them far astray.’(Surah An-Nisaa: 60).” – “Ma’anaa at-Taghoot wa-Ru’oos Anwaa’ihi”.

27-01-2010, 19:32
Imam Ash-Shawkanee (d. 1250H):

“Now we will make clear to you the condition of the second type and it is the Hukm of the people of the state who aren’t under the command of the state….

“from it is that they judge and take the Hukm to the ones who know the Ah’kaam of the Tawagheet in all of the matters that they are in charge of and they take it to them without making Inkaar and without any shame in front of Allaah or His slaves and they do not fear anyone, rather they can rule with that anyone who they are able to reach from the citizens and those who surround them. And this is a known matter, which no one can deny or reject, and this is well known. And there is no doubt that this is Kufr in Allah, subhanahu wa-ta’ala and His Sharee’ah, which He ordered with upon the tongue of His Messenger and chose for His slaves in His Book and upon the tongue of His Messenger. They even disbelieved in all of the laws from the time of Adam (pbuh) until now and the Jihaad against them and fighting them is Waajib until they accept the laws of Islaam and submit to them and rule among with the pure Sharee’ah and they leave what they were upon of Tawagheet Shaytaaneeyah….

“and it is known from the rules of the pure Sharee’ah and its texts that whoever puts himself to fight those people and seeks the aid of Allah and makes his intention sincere, then he will be from the victorious and he will have the reward because Allah will give victory to whoever supports Him. And: ‘And if you give victory to Allah, He will give victory to you and firmly plant your feet. And the reward is for the Muttaqun.

“So if he who was able to fight them, leaves the making Jihad against them, then he is under the threat of punishment descending upon him and deserving of what comes upon him because Allah has placed over the people of Islam certain groups as a punishment for them because they would not leave the Munkaarat and they did not try to adhere to the pure Sharee’ah just like what happened with the conquering of the Khawaarij in the early days of Islaam then the conquering of the Qaramatah and the Batineeyah then the conquering of the Turks until they almost wiped out Islaam and like what occurs often with the conquering of the Europeans and the people like them. So keep and open mind, O people of sight! Verily, there is a lesson in this for whoever has a heart or was given hearing and the gift of sight!” – From his letter “Al-Dawa Al-’Ajaal”, which came within “Ar-Rasa’il As-Salafeeyah”, pp. 33-35.

27-01-2010, 19:33
UMar bin khattab radiallahu anhu vroeg eens toen hij khalifah was wat men zou doen als hij de Islamitsiche regelgeving zou laten. Een man stond op en liet merken dat ze hem dan zouden doodden. Umar bin khattab radiallahu anhu was zeer tevreden en zei dat met zulke volgelingen de leiders niet zouden dwalen (of iets in die trant)

Als een leider een moslim is dan dien je hem te volgen ook al onderdrukt hij je en is hij dwalend. Als hij een kafir is of word dan dien je hem te verwijderen (in een islamitisch land) Het maken van wetten die boven de wet van Allah staan is kufr. Het halal maken van wat haram is, bijv. rente is kufr. Het bijstaan van de vijanden van islam tegen de moslims is kufr.

Allah Hu Alem